Alleima 14C28N
Alleima® 14C28N is a martensitic stainless steel developed for knife applications, combining good corrosion resistance with high metallurgical purity and stable performance.




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OUR STEEL IS FOR YOU, IF:
| You value precisely cut material We cut steel using band saws, ensuring straight edges. We do not use guillotine shears, which can warp sheets and round their edges. |
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| Minor scratches or residue are not an issue for you Sometimes, a single steel sheet passes through the saw multiple times, which may cause slight surface scratches. Occasionally, delicate spot traces of surface corrosion (thin residue) may appear on the steel due to coolant remnants from the cutting process. Both scratches and residue can be easily removed during grinding. If you require steel with a perfectly clean surface, our product will not meet your expectations. |
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| You can straighten minor surface deviations yourself We strive to deliver perfectly flat steel pieces, but we cannot guarantee 100% flatness. Any slight surface curvature is not a material defect but rather a result of mill tolerances (flatness tolerances for rolled products). An experienced knifemaker can handle such a curvature in no time. |
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| You want to buy steel from trusted supplier We source our steel from the largest manufacturers in Europe and beyond. Each delivery is precisely marked with an industrial hand jet printer to prevent errors during cutting and storage. |
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| You don't like overpaying Our mission is to provide you with a piece of steel that is as close as possible to the shape of the knife you want to make. With us, you don't have to buy a large piece of steel and make unnecessary supplies or throw unnecessary surpluses in the trash. |
Example photo of a steel sheet:

Basic parameters:
- Thickness tolerance: 0/+0,1 mm (the surface is not precision ground)
- Cutting tolerance: we cut the steel on band saws to a tolerance of 0/+3 mm (width x length)
- Delivery conditon: steel in non-hardened condition (steel requires hardening)
Alleima® 14C28N Steel in Knifemaking – Properties and Applications
Alleima® 14C28N steel is one of the most valued materials in the world of knifemaking. With exceptional properties such as corrosion resistance, hardness, and ease of sharpening, this steel is widely used in the production of utility knives, outdoor knives, and cutting tools. Below are presented the key characteristics of 14C28N steel, its advantages over other grades, and the heat treatment parameters essential for achieving optimal technical properties.
Why Is Alleima® 14C28N Steel Popular in Knifemaking?
14C28N steel, produced by Alleima (formerly Sandvik), was specifically designed for cutting blades. In knifemaking, this material enjoys immense popularity for several key reasons:
- Corrosion Resistance – With a high chromium content (14%) and the addition of nitrogen (0.11%), this steel offers exceptional corrosion resistance, making it an ideal choice for kitchen knives and outdoor knives that are exposed to moisture and other corrosive factors.
- Hardness – 14C28N steel achieves a hardness level of 57-59 HRC after proper heat treatment. This hardness allows for prolonged edge retention, which is crucial for working knives.
- Ease of Sharpening – Despite its hardness, this steel is relatively easy to sharpen, which is an important feature for users who frequently use their knives. Even with intensive use, a blade made from 14C28N can be quickly restored to full functionality.
Technical Properties of Alleima® 14C28N Steel
14C28N steel is characterized by a chemical composition that ensures an excellent balance between hardness and corrosion resistance.
| Element |
Composition |
| Carbon (C) | 0,62% |
| Manganese (Mn) |
0,60% |
| Silicon (Si) | 0,20% |
| Chromium (Cr) | 14,00% |
| Nitrogen (N) | 0,11% |
Below are the key chemical components of this steel:
- Carbon (0.62%) – Contributes to hardness and the steel's ability to be hardened.
- Silicon (0.2%) – Improves strength and elasticity.
- Manganese (0.6%) – Aids in hardening and increases strength.
- Chromium (14%) – Provides corrosion resistance by forming a protective oxide layer on the steel's surface.
- Nitrogen (0.11%) – Increases hardness and wear resistance while minimizing the risk of cracking.
Thanks to this well-balanced chemical composition, 14C28N steel stands out for its high corrosion resistance and good edge stability, which is crucial for working and outdoor knives.
Advantages of Alleima® 14C28N Steel Over Other Steels
Knifemakers have many different steels to choose from, but 14C28N is gaining increasing popularity due to its properties. Compared to other popular steels, such as 8Cr13MoV, AUS-8, or 440C, 14C28N stands out in several areas:
- Better Corrosion Resistance – Compared to 8Cr13MoV and 440C, 14C28N steel provides higher corrosion resistance, making it an ideal choice for outdoor use and in high-humidity environments.
- Durability – 14C28N offers greater flexibility and resistance to cracking compared to some harder alloys like VG-10, making it more versatile in daily use.
- Ease of Sharpening – Although this steel offers excellent mechanical properties, it is relatively easy to sharpen, setting it apart from more challenging steels like D2 or S30V.
Compared to AEB-L steel, 14C28N offers better corrosion resistance due to its higher chromium and nitrogen content, while AEB-L has higher hardness and wear resistance. On the other hand, D2 steel offers better edge retention and hardness, but 14C28N surpasses it in terms of corrosion resistance.
Heat Treatment of Alleima® 14C28N Steel
Heat treatment difficulty shown at the top of this page reflects the most common choice in our survey of Polish knifemakers, prepared with input from an experienced heat treater. Please treat it as community guidance, not a specification.
“EASY-TO-HARDEN” denotes a more forgiving steel — one that delivers predictable, useful results even with minor deviations in process parameters.
“DIFFICULT-TO-HARDEN” calls for tight process control; small mistakes can quickly degrade the final outcome.
LEGAL NOTICE REGARDING HEAT TREATMENT
Heat treatment is a set of processes dependent on many variables, including knife thickness, the type of furnace and process atmosphere, soaking time and temperature, the method and temperature of cooling, as well as tempering parameters.
The data presented below are provided for informational purposes only and do not constitute technical advice, a technological instruction, or any assurance of achieving specific properties or results. IK STAL is not liable for any consequences arising from the use of this data without prior verification and adaptation to the user’s individual technological conditions. For detailed guidance, we recommend consulting experienced heat treaters. The above provisions do not limit the statutory rights of consumers.
Hardening of Alleima® 14C28N Steel
Austenitizing a single piece (in a small furnace, or on a belt furnace)
Heat the piece to 1050°C (1922°F) and hold at the set temperature for a specified time, counting from the moment the steel reaches a uniform temperature.
If a sub-zero treatment -20°C (−5°F) is planned, use the higher austenitizing temperature of 1060°C (1940°F).
If a sub-zero treatment -70°C (−95°F) is planned, use the higher austenitizing temperature of 1080°C (1975°F).
Recommended holding time in furnace by thickness:
- 5 minutes for 2.5 mm
- 6 minutes for 3.0 mm
- 7 minutes for 3.25 mm
- 8 minutes for 3.5 mm
- 10 minutes for 3.75 mm
- 12 minutes for 4.0 mm
Batch austenitizing
Heat the load to 1045°C (1915°F) and hold at the set temperature for a specified time, counting from the moment the steel reaches a uniform temperature.
If a sub-zero treatment -20°C (−5°F) is planned, use the higher austenitizing temperature of 1055°C (1930°F).
If a sub-zero treatment -70°C (−95°F) is planned, use the higher austenitizing temperature of 1075°C (1965°F).
Holding time in furnace: 30 minutes.
When hardening larger batches, there is a risk of temperature variations within the load. Therefore, first bring the material to a uniform temperature by holding it at temperature 850°C (1560°F) for 30 minutes, and only then heat it to the target temperature.
Quenching
After austenitizing, quench the steel to room temperature as quickly as possible, medium: oil.
The
manufacturer states that for optimal results the temperature should
drop to 600°C (1110°F) within 2 minutes or less: “it is very important
that the furnace equipment has high cooling capacity in order to meet
the requirement for lowering the temperature to 600°C (1112°F) within 2
minutes”.
Sub-zero Treatment (Optional)
After hardening, the steel can be frozen, this process increases hardness by approximately:
- +1 HRC with subzero treatment at -20°C (−5°F);
- +2 HRC with subzero treatment at -70°C (−95°F);
Sub-zero treatment should be performed after hardening and before tempering. In practice, this process is an extension of hardening to a lower temperature, so any delay between hardening and sub-zero treatment may reduce its effect. The material only needs to reach the desired freezing temperature, keeping steel at low temperature for longer is not necessary.
Tempering of Alleima® 14C28N Steel
Tempering is the controlled reheating of a hardened blade to a chosen temperature and holding it for a set time to reduce brittleness and stresses from hardening and increase the knife’s impact toughness.
The manufacturer recommends tempering at 175–350°C (345–660°F) for 0.5–2 hours.
Estimated hardness at various tempering temperatures:
| Tempering temperature | Hardness - quenched to room temperature | Hardness - quenched with deep-freezing -20°C (−5°F) | Hardness - quenched with deep-freezing -70°C (−95°F) |
| 175°C (345°F) | 59 HRC | 60 HRC | 62 HRC |
| 225°C (435°F) | 57 HRC | 58 HRC | 59 HRC |
| 350°C (660°F) | 55 HRC | 56 HRC | 57 HRC |
Alleima® 14C28N Steel Tempering Chart
Typical tempering curve for austenitizing at 1050°C (1922°F) and quenching to room temperature, tempering time 30 minutes, steel thickness 2,5 mm.

Applications of Alleima® 14C28N Steel in Knifemaking
14C28N steel is widely used in knife production due to its exceptional properties. Here are some of its main applications:
EDC (Everyday Carry) Knives
Knives made from 14C28N are ideal for everyday tasks, such as cutting cardboard, ropes, or materials. Thanks to the durable edge and ease of sharpening, they are perfect for long-term use without frequent sharpening.
Outdoor and Survival Knives
14C28N steel is highly corrosion-resistant and wear-resistant, making it an excellent choice for survival and outdoor knives that need to withstand harsh environmental conditions, such as moisture, rain, or contact with soil.
Kitchen Knives
With excellent corrosion resistance and long-lasting sharpness, 14C28N steel is also popular in kitchen knives. These knives can be used intensively for slicing and cutting food products without the risk of rusting.
Availability of Steel Alleima® 14C28N
IK STAL stocks and supplies steel grade Alleima® 14C28N in the form of flat bars, plates and cut-to-size blanks.
Material is available directly from our warehouse in Poland.
International Supply and Shipping
Steel
Alleima® 14C28N is supplied by IK STAL to customers across Europe,
including the United Kingdom and selected non-European markets.
Orders are shipped from Poland regardless of local steel standards, naming conventions or customs procedures.
Where to buy Steel Alleima® 14C28N?
Steel grade Alleima® 14C28N can be purchased directly from IK STAL.
We supply steel Alleima® 14C28N to industrial and craft customers across
Europe and selected non-European markets, offering cut-to-size formats
without minimum order quantities.
Conclusion – Why Choose Alleima® 14C28N Steel?
Alleima® 14C28N steel is an exceptional material that combines excellent corrosion resistance, hardness, and ease of sharpening. In knifemaking, it is particularly valued for its versatility and reliability. With proper heat treatment, knives made from this steel feature long-lasting sharpness, are corrosion-resistant, and are easy to maintain. Compared to other steels, 14C28N offers a better balance between mechanical properties and wear resistance, making it one of the best choices for professional knifemakers and knife users worldwide.

Alleima® 14C28N steel offers excellent edge performance, high hardness, and good corrosion resistance, making it a versatile choice for a wide range of applications.
14C28N steel is ideal for kitchen knives, pocket knives, hunting, and fishing knives.
14C28N has better corrosion resistance, while AEB-L offers higher hardness and wear resistance.
Yes, 14C28N steel is relatively easy to sharpen, making it a practical choice for many users.
Quenching at 1050°C (1922°F), followed by tempering at a temperature selected according to the desired hardness, in accordance with the tempering curve.